Rooftop rainwater/storm runoff can be harvested in urban areas through: Surface runoff harvesting is most suitable in urban areas. It can provide water for farming, for cattle and also for general domestic use. Surface water can be stored by diverting the flow of small creeks and streams into reservoirs on the surface or underground. In this method, rainwater flows away as surface runoff and can be stored for future use. There are two major techniques of rainwater harvesting. It is extremely essential, particularly in areas with low water levels. Rainwater is mostly free from harmful chemicals, which makes it suitable for irrigation purposes.Īnother vital benefit is that it increases the productivity of aquifer resulting in the rise of groundwater levels and reduces the need for potable water. Most rooftops provide the necessary platform for collecting water. Harvesting rainwater allows the collection of large amounts of water and mitigates the effects of drought. Most buildings that utilize rainwater harvesting systems have a built-in catchment area on top of the roof, which has a capacity of collecting large volumes of water in case of rainstorms. It reduces soil erosion and flood hazards by collecting rainwater and reducing the flow of stormwater to prevent urban flooding. Reduces erosion and flooding around buildings Additionally, it helps minimize the possibility of rivers drying up. No land is wasted for storage purpose and no population displacement is implicated therefore, groundwater is not directly exposed to evaporation and pollution. It minimizes the impacts of flooding by funneling the off water into large tanks for recycling and helps reduce the load placed upon drainage systems. The ecological benefits of rainwater harvesting are immense. Storing water underground is environment-friendly. The cost of recharge to the subsurface reservoir is also lower than the surface reservoirs. The all-around expenditures used in setting up harvesting methods are much cheaper compared to other purifying or pumping means. Rainwater harvesting systems are cost-effective, provide high-quality water, lessens dependence on wells and are considerably easy to maintain since they are not utilized for drinking, cooking or other sensitive uses. Reserving rainwater can help recharge local aquifers, reduce urban flooding and most notably, ensure water availability in water-scarce zones.Īdvantages of implementing rain-water harvesting: With depleting groundwater levels and fluctuating climate conditions, this measure can go a long way to help mitigate the adverse effects rising water scarcity. Rainwater Harvesting is unrestricted from any kind of impurity, with relatively less storage cost and no maintenance cost involved except for periodical cleaning. The collected rainwater from surfaces on which rain falls may be filtered, stored and utilized in different ways or directly used for recharge purposes. rooftop, compounds, rocky surface, hill slopes or artificially repaired impervious/semi-pervious land surface. The process involves collection and storage of rainwater with help of artificially designed systems, that runs off natural or man-made catchment areas e.g. Rainwater harvesting is a simple strategy by which rainfall is gathered and stored for future usage. This practice can efficiently be implemented in lieu of traditional water supplies that are currently on the verge of tapping out. In this context, adopting rainwater harvesting and recharging groundwater is one of the simplest and best measures in conserving water globally. This has given rise to major concerns over water conservation. Due to population boom and excessive need of water to suit our ever-expanding modern lifestyle, water scarcity is felt all over the world. Additionally, we cannot generate artificial water and must depend on water sources available on our planet earth. Our water resources are depleting each year. Today, water conservation at individual level has become very critical. Though many technological devices are being developed to minimize the water wastage, the impact will be greater if every individual contributes to water conservation by minimizing or optimizing groundwater usage for daily activities. Over the years, it has been observed that the necessity for the exploitation of groundwater resources for various everyday needs, like toileting, bathing, cleaning, agriculture, drinking water, industrial and ever-changing lifestyles with modernization is leading towards tremendous water wastage. Groundwater is the primary source of freshwater that caters to the demand of ever-growing domestic, agrarian and industrial sectors of the country. As the world faces an increasingly critical need to address climate change, the impact that water conservation has on a sustainable environment is undeniable.
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